Packing And Unpacking

Packing performs concatenation of scalars, strings, list elements, or struct fields in the order that you specify. Unpacking performs the reverse operation, splitting a single expression into multiple expressions.

Introduction to Macros

~[ exp..exp ]
True match variable repeat succeeds every time the subexpression succeeds. This expression creates a number of parallel repeat evaluations within the range.
True match repeat also enables specification of behavior over infinite sequences by repeating an infinite number of occurrences of a temporal expression.

Introduction to Temporal Expressions
Temporal expressions provide a declarative way to describe temporal behavior. The e language provides a set of temporal operators and keywords that can be uses to construct temporal expressions. 

sys.any

Invoking Generation

Introduction to Events

The e language provides temporal constructs for specifying and verifying behavior over time. All e temporal language features depend on the occurrence of events, which are used to synchronize activity with a simulator and within the e program.

keep soft

This suggests default values for fields or variables in the struct or its subtree, or describes suggested relationships between field values and other items in the struct or its subtree. The following restrictions apply.

Defining Constraints

This section describes in detail with examples on how to define constrains. This is basically more theory of what we have seen in last section.

Generation And Constraints

Test generation is a process producing data layouts according to a given specification. The specifications are provided in the form of type declarations and constraints. Constraints are statements that restrict values assigned to data items by test generation.

Simulation-related constructs

Interfacing with simulator
In Verilog linking any foreign language is through PLI, and in VHDL is FLI. Since e language is a foreign language, it has to go though PLI of Verilog and FLI of VHDL. 

File Iterative Control
In e the way we open and read ASCII files is slightly different then C and C++. There are two types of looping constructs that are provided to help with handling ASCII files.

for each line in file

Iterative Control

There are four types of iterative actions in e:

While

Conditional Flow Control: Conditional flow like in any other programming language is used for controlling execution a block of code, when a condition is true.

if then else

if then else is used for checking for a condition and if condition is true, then the block of code inside the {} is excuted.